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Microsoft Access is a database management system DBMS from Microsoft that combines the relational Access Database Engine ACE with a graphical user interface and software-development tools not to be confused with the old Microsoft Access which was a telecommunication program provided terminal emulation and interfaces for ease of use in accessing online services such as Dow Jones , Compuserve and electronic mailbox back during s [2] [3].
It is a member of the Microsoft suite of applications, included in the Professional and higher editions or sold separately. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other applications and databases. Software developers , data architects and power users can use Microsoft Access to develop application software.
Visual objects used in forms and reports expose their methods and properties in the VBA programming environment, and VBA code modules may declare and call Windows operating system operations. Microsoft Access was the first mass-market database program for Windows. With Microsoft's purchase of FoxPro in and the incorporation of Fox's Rushmore query optimization routines into Access, Microsoft Access quickly became the dominant database for Windows—effectively eliminating the competition which failed to transition from the MS-DOS world.
Microsoft's first attempt to sell a relational database product was during the mid s, when Microsoft obtained the license to sell R:Base. After the Omega project was scrapped, some of its developers were assigned to the Cirrus project most were assigned to the team which created Visual Basic.
The project used some of the code from both the Omega project and a pre-release version of Visual Basic. Years after the program was abandoned, they decided to reuse the name here. The product shipped on seven 1. The manual shows a copyright date. As a part of the Microsoft Office 4. The photo of Andrew Fuller, record 2 of that sample database was the individual that presented and worked with Microsoft to provide such an outstanding example database.
With Office 95, Microsoft Access 7. Since then, Microsoft has released new versions of Microsoft Access with each release of Microsoft Office. This includes Access 97 version 8. Versions 3. Formats include Access 1. The most significant transition was from the Access 97 to the Access format; which is not backward compatible with earlier versions of Access.
As of [update] all newer versions of Access support the Access format. New features were added to the Access format which can be used by Access , , , and It supports links to SharePoint lists and complex data types such as multivalue and attachment fields. These new field types are essentially recordsets in fields and allow the storage of multiple values or files in one field. For the first time, this allowed Access applications to be run without having to install Access on their PC and was the first support of Mac users.
Any user on the SharePoint site with sufficient rights could use the Access Web service. A copy of Access was still required for the developer to create the Access Web service, and the desktop version of Access remained part of Access The Access Web services were not the same as the desktop applications. The data was no longer in an Access database but SharePoint lists. An Access desktop database could link to the SharePoint data, so hybrid applications were possible so that SharePoint users needing basic views and edits could be supported while the more sophisticated, traditional applications could remain in the desktop Access database.
Microsoft Access offers traditional Access desktop applications plus a significantly updated SharePoint web service. Unlike SharePoint lists, this offers true relational database design with referential integrity, scalability, extensibility and performance one would expect from SQL Server. The Access desktop is similar to Access but several features were discontinued including support for Access Data Projects [ clarification needed ] ADPs , pivot tables, pivot charts, Access data collections, source code control, replication, and other legacy features.
In addition to using its own database storage file, Microsoft Access also may be used as the 'front-end' of a program while other products act as the 'back-end' tables, such as Microsoft SQL Server and non-Microsoft products such as Oracle and Sybase.
NET , or Visual Studio. NET will use the Microsoft Access database format for its tables and queries. Microsoft Access may also be part of a more complex solution, where it may be integrated with other technologies such as Microsoft Excel , Microsoft Outlook , Microsoft Word , Microsoft PowerPoint and ActiveX controls.
Access tables support a variety of standard field types, indices , and referential integrity including cascading updates and deletes. Access also includes a query interface, forms to display and enter data, and reports for printing.
The underlying Access database , which contains these objects, is multi-user and handles record-locking. Repetitive tasks can be automated through macros with point-and-click options. It is also easy to place a database on a network and have multiple users share and update data without overwriting each other's work. Data is locked at the record level which is significantly different from Excel which locks the entire spreadsheet.
There are template databases within the program and for download from Microsoft's website. These options are available upon starting Access and allow users to enhance a database with predefined tables, queries , forms, reports, and macros. Power users and developers can extend basic end-user solutions to a professional solution with advanced automation, data validation , error trapping , and multi-user support. The number of simultaneous users that can be supported depends on the amount of data, the tasks being performed, level of use, and application design.
Generally accepted limits are solutions with 1 GB or less of data Access supports up to 2 GB and it performs quite well with or fewer simultaneous connections concurrent users are supported. If using an Access database solution in a multi-user scenario, the application should be "split". This means that the tables are in one file called the back end typically stored on a shared network folder and the application components forms, reports, queries, code, macros, linked tables are in another file called the front end.
The linked tables in the front end point to the back end file. Each user of the Access application would then receive his or her own copy of the front end file. Applications that run complex queries or analysis across large datasets would naturally require greater bandwidth and memory. Microsoft Access is designed to scale to support more data and users by linking to multiple Access databases or using a back-end database like Microsoft SQL Server.
With the latter design, the amount of data and users can scale to enterprise-level solutions. Microsoft Access's role in web development prior to version is limited. User interface features of Access, such as forms and reports, only work in Windows. In versions through an Access object type called Data Access Pages created publishable web pages.
Data Access Pages are no longer supported. The data i. Access allows databases to be published to SharePoint web sites running Access Services. These web-based forms and reports run in any modern web browser. The resulting web forms and reports, when accessed via a web browser, don't require any add-ins or extensions e. Access can create web applications directly in SharePoint sites running Access Services.
Access web solutions store its data in an underlying SQL Server database which is much more scalable and robust than the Access version which used SharePoint lists to store its data. Access Services in SharePoint has since been retired. A compiled version of an Access database file extensions. ADE; ACCDE only works with Access or later can be created to prevent users from accessing the design surfaces to modify module code, forms, and reports.
Both the. MDE and. ADE versions of an Access database are used when end-user modifications are not allowed or when the application's source code should be kept confidential. Microsoft also offers developer extensions for download to help distribute Access applications, create database templates, and integrate source code control with Microsoft Visual SourceSafe. Users can create tables, queries, forms and reports, and connect them together with macros.
Advanced users can use VBA to write rich solutions with advanced data manipulation and user control. Access also has report creation features that can work with any data source that Access can access.
The original concept of Access was for end users to be able to access data from any source. It also has the ability to link to data in its existing location and use it for viewing, querying, editing, and reporting. This allows the existing data to change while ensuring that Access uses the latest data. It can perform heterogeneous joins between data sets stored across different platforms.
Access is often used by people downloading data from enterprise level databases for manipulation, analysis, and reporting locally. This makes it very convenient to distribute the entire application to another user, who can run it in disconnected environments.
One of the benefits of Access from a programmer's perspective is its relative compatibility with SQL structured query language —queries can be viewed graphically or edited as SQL statements, and SQL statements can be used directly in Macros and VBA Modules to manipulate Access tables. Users can mix and use both VBA and "Macros" for programming forms and logic and offers object-oriented possibilities. VBA can also be included in queries.
Microsoft Access offers parameterized queries. These queries and Access tables can be referenced from other programs like VB6 and. Microsoft Access is a file server -based database. Unlike client—server relational database management systems RDBMS , Microsoft Access does not implement database triggers , stored procedures , or transaction logging. Access includes table-level triggers and stored procedures built into the ACE data engine.
Thus a Client-server database system is not a requirement for using stored procedures or table triggers with Access Tables, queries, forms, reports and macros can now be developed specifically for web based applications in Access Integration with Microsoft SharePoint is also highly improved.
The edition of Microsoft Access introduced a mostly flat design and the ability to install apps from the Office Store, but it did not introduce new features.
The theme was partially updated again for , but no dark theme was created for Access. NET web forms can query a Microsoft Access database, retrieve records and display them on the browser. SharePoint Server via Access Services allows for Access databases to be published to SharePoint, thus enabling multiple users to interact with the database application from any standards-compliant Web browser. Access Web databases published to SharePoint Server can use standard objects such as tables, queries, forms, macros, and reports.
Access Services stores those objects in SharePoint.
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